Gang mold for casting concrete and the like



A. DI TULLIO ETAL Nov. 19, 1963 3,110,949

GANG MOLD FOR CASTING CONCRETE AND THE LIKE Filed Sept. 15, 1962 5Sheets-Sheet 1 .DZTU (Zia Nov. 19, 1963 A. Dl T ULLlO ETAL GANG MOLD FORCASTING CONCRETE AND THE LIKE Filed Sept. 13, 1962 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Di.TuLZw Nov. 19, 1963 A. Dl TULLIO ETAL GANG MOLD FOR CASTING CONCRETE ANDTHE LIKE Filed Sept. 13, 1962 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 n l H INVENTO S Di TUZ 5.DZ TuLLio Di Tulldo United States Patent zzazss This invention relatesto the casting of concrete in forms or molds, and more particularly tomultiple casting of concrete slabs or components, especially of the typeintended to be assembled to each other to form a composite structure.

The present application is -a continuation of our application Serial No.45,185, filed July 25, 1960, and entitled Gang Mold for Casting Concreteand the Like.

The invention is illustrated and described with relation to the castingof sections or components utilized in the making of sectional concreteseptic tanks; however, it will be understood that the invention is notlimited to the particular cast shapes and uses thereof illustratedherein, but instead has utility generally in connection with the castingof various concrete slabs or similar components.

An object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved mold forcasting slabs of concrete and the like, wherein a multiplicity of suchslabs may be cast in what is substantially the equivalent of a singleoperation.

A second object of the invention is to provide an improved mold of theidentified kind, wherein slabs of different widths may be readilysimultaneously cast, with the thicknesses of the cast slabs beingclosely held.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved concrete moldas above set forth, which is especially compact and relatively small insize considering its output, thereby to not require a great deal ofspace at the manufacturing location.

A further object of the invention is to provide a novel gang mold inaccordance with the foregoing, which advantageously casts the slabs onedge, in side-byside relation.

An additional object of the invention is to provide an improved gangmold as characterized, which is effective and efiicient in itsoperation, requiring the least amount of skilled labor and having a highrate of production.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a gang mold as aboveoutlined, which is structurally sturdy and rugged yet relatively lightin weight and utilizes the least amount of structural components andmaterials for the quantity of units produced per operation.

A feature of the invention resides in the provision of a gang mold ofthe type described, wherein the cast components may be easily andquickly removed or stripped.

Another feature of the invention resides in the provision of a gang moldwhich may be easily operated, quickly filled with poured castingsubstance, and which requires a relatively short curing time before thecast components may be removed.

Other features of the invention include the provision of a novel gangmold in accordance with the foregoing, which may be easily cleaned,transported, set up for use, and which is trouble free in its operation,requiring a minimum amount of servicing, all parts of the mold beingreadily accessible and the mold being adaptable to the casting of slabsof different desired lengths, to suit vari ous requirements.

Other features and advantages will hereinafter appear.

In the drawings accompanying this specification similar characters ofreference are used to designate like components throughout the severalviews, in which:

Claims.

3,llll,9i9 Patented Nov. 19, 1963 PEG. 1 is a top plan view of thepresent improved gang mold for casting concrete and similar components,as provided by the invention.

FIG. 2 is a view partly in side elevation and partly in verticalsection, of the gang mold shown in FIG. 1, the section being taken onthe line 22 of FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a transverse vertical sectional view through the gang mold,taken on the line 33 of FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 is a fragmentary plan view of the lower left corner portion ofthe gang mold as viewed in FIG. 1.

FIG. 5 is a fragmentary side elevational view of the corner portionshown in FIG. 4.

FIG. 6 is a fragmentary horizontal sectional view, taken on the line 6-6of FIG. 5.

FIG. 7 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view, taken on the line 7-7of FIG. 1.

FIG. 8 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view, taken on the line 8--8of FIG. 1.

FIG. 9 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view, taken on the line 9 ofH6. 3.

FIG. 10 is an elevational view of a separate shiftable bulkhead member,which may be utilized in the gang mold for the purpose of casting slabsof shorter lengths, as may be required for various specific purposes.

Referring first to FlGS. 2 and 3, the present improved gang mold forcasting concrete and similar slabs or com ponents disposed on edge andin side-by-side relation comprises a structural base frameworkconstituted essentially of a pair of longitudinally extending I-sectionframe mem bers 20 and 21 secured together in spaced, parallel relationby means of a plurality of laterally extending cross members 23 whichare preferably secured in abutting relation to the frame members 20, 21by suitable means such as welding. The cross members 2-3 are alsopreferably structural channels, upper end portions being cut away asshown in FIG. 3, to enable a satisfactory fit to be obtained with thelongitudinal frame members 29, 21 in such a manner that all of the uppersurfaces of the frame members are flush with each other and are disposedin a single horizontal plane.

The above fabricated base structure is carried by heavy helicalcompression springs 25 "arranged to be supported on a suitable floorsurface, whereby the frame structure may be shaken or vibrated for thepurpose of completely settling the concrete or other casting substancein the mold cavities. For this purpose, vibrator brackets 27 may beprovided, securely attached to the longitudinal frame members Zil, 21(see FIG. 3), said brackets being attachable to a known type of vibratordevice adapted to impart the necessary vibration to the mold.

Disposed on the above described fabricated base structure is a formedbase plate 2h, said base plate being supported on the upper surfaces ofthe frame members 20, 21 and 23 and having a plurality of longitudinallyextend ing formations 31 providing spaced, parallel grooves 33 whichhave tapered or sloping walls and which are open at the top of the baseplate 29. Each of the longitudinally extending grooves 33 is arranged tobe disposed at the bottom of a mold cavity for the purpose of providingkey formations or ribs of tapered cross section in the case slabs. Belowthe base plate 29 and between the formations 31 stiffening plates 34 areprovided, secured to the underside of the base plate.

As seen in FIG. 3, four large mold cavities 35 are provided in the gangmold, and two smaller mold cavities 37, the latter being smaller byvirtue of having a lesser height whereby the cast slabs for-med thereinhave a lesser Width.

in accordance with the present invention, the spacing of the basegrooves 33 is so related to the width of the mold cavities (whichdetermines the thickness of the cast slabs) that relatively thick,upright partitions may be arranged between the cavities, for the purposeof facilitating the casting operation, and rendering the filled gangmold less heavy whereby a more favorable construction ishad whichprovides adequate strength without utilizing excessively heavy or strongstructural members throughout the mold. As seen in FIGS. 1 and 3, thepartitions are designated by the numerals 39.

The partitions are preferably fabricated of structural components insuch a manner that they are light in weight and at the same time haveadequate strength, considering the desired partition thickness. As shownin FIG. 3, each of the partitions 39 is constituted of a pair of spacedvertical plates 41 joined in parallel relation to each other by threestructural channel members 43, 44 and 45, said channel members having aU-section as indicated. The channel members 43, 44 and 45 may be securedto the side plates 41 in any suitable manner, as by a welding procedure.

As seen in FIG. 3, the partitions 39 may be accurately positioned on thebase plate .29 by the use of key members 47 constituted as portions ofthe base plate 29 and lanced upward therefrom or else as separate keymembers which are welded to the base plate using an accurate locatingjig or fixture. The key members 47 extend between and closely fit theflanges of the lower channels 45 of the partitions as shown. If desired,the partitions 39 may be further secured to the base plate 2? as by awelding procedure, as will be understood.

Where the partitions 39 are not permanently secured to the base plate 25as by welding, but instead are positioned essentially by the key members47, such partitions may be completely removed from the base structure,thereby facilitating removal of the cast slabs and also greatly aidingthe complete cleaning of the mold.

At their upper portions, the partitions 39 are releasibly held inproperly spaced parallel relation by means of cross members or yokesSll, said yokes being preferably of channel shape or U-section asindicated in FIGS. 1, 2 and 7.

In a construction where the partitions 39 are not permanently secured tothe base structure but instead are merely assembled thereon andpositioned by the keys 47, the stripping of the cast components from thegang mold may be accompanied by the removal of the partitions, eitherall simultaneously or one after another, as may be found desirable, andaccordingly the keying arrangement involving the key members 47constitutes an advantageous construction.

The present invention provides an improved mold construction whereinslabs of dilferent widths may be readily simultaneously cast whileholding the thicknesses of the cast slabs to close tolerances.

As seen in FIG. 1, two yoke members 50 are provided, said yoke membershaving depending dowel pins 52 adapted to be received in cooperablelocating bores or openings in the upper spacer channels 43 of thepartitions, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 3. Accordingly, when the yokesd are positioned on and keyed to the partitions 3% the yokes, inconjunction with the keying members 47 of the base plate 29 effect anaccurate, parallel positioning of the partitions. The yokes 5t; may havesecured to their end portions, depending members or end channels 53which are arranged to extend downwardly along the outsides of the twoend partitions 39 as seen in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3. At their lowerextremities, the depending members or end channels 53 include short yokecontinuations 54 which are adapted to extend over the two end cavities37 and to project beyond the outer sides thereof past the tops of sidepanels or walls shortly to be described, as shown in FIG. 3. The yokecontinuations 54- may be provided with loose dowel pins 56 or with othersuitable separable fastener means by which the continuations may bereleasibly attached to the upper portions of said side panels (labelled58) shortly to be described. Thus the invention provides an i f4advantageous combined tie and spacer means (by the parts 5%, 53, 54) bywhich'the walls 58 of lesser height are tied to each other intermediatethe end edges thereof. The spacer means comprises the devices 54 whichextend inward from the upper portions of the walls 58 of lesser heightand engage the outer two of the partitions 3%, thereby to maintainuni-fonm the thickness or" the slabs cast in the cavities 37.

Considering again the yokes 56, these are provided with spaced slots 69,FIGS. 3 and 7, to accommodate rectangular lugs 62 carried by upstandingfingers 64 mounted on adjoining ends of loose key forms 66 and 68 whichare thereby supported over and extend along the tops of the castingcavities 35. The loose key forms 63 have upstanding fingers 6dat each oftheir ends, whereas the loose key forms on have the upstanding finger 64only at the ends which adjoin the key forms 68. At the remaining ends ofthe loose key forms 66, rectangular pins 7t are provided, arranged to beaccommodated in suitable cooperable openings or bores of end bulkheadsprovided at the opposite ends or" the mold and designate generally bythe numeral 72. By such organization the loose key forms 66 and 63 aresupported in aligned positions, by the bulkheads 72 and the yokes 50.For the purpose of locking the loose key forms 66 and as to the yokesEll, T-section holddown bars 74 are provided, FIGS. 3 and 7, disposedbetween the fianges of the yokes 59, said bars being secured in place byremovable pins 76 passing through upstanding lugs 78 rigidly aflixed tothe flanges of the yokes 5i In several of the appended claims the lowwalls 58 and the upper halves of the two outer partitions 39 areconsidered as together constituting one set of side walls, each of whichwalls is comprised of an inwardly offset upper portion (the upperpartition half) and has a pouring opening (the space at the top of themold cavity 37) between the upper and lower portions. With suchterminology the said lower portions comprise the low walls 5%. In otherclaims the walls of the mold are considered as constituting the lowmembers 58 and the high members or end bulkheads 72.

Referring now to FIGS. 1 and 3, the hinged side panels 53 extend fromthe base plate 29 for a distance approximately half way up the mold,said panels comprising side plates 8%} to which are secured iangle ironstiffening members 82 and 8'4. The side panels 58 may have formed upperedge members 86 which may be constituted as separate pieces or else bentfrom the upper portions of the side plates 86*. Loose dowel pins 56extending through the continuations 54 may be received in sockets 88provided in the upper edges of the side panels 58, as seen in FIG. 3.

For the purpose of hingedly mounting the side panels 58 on the basestructure, hinge members 90 are provided, secured to the side panelspermanently [in any desired manner, the said hinge members having lowerfulcrum portions 92 through which hinge pins or rods 94 are passed, saidrods or pins also passing through hinge plates 96 secured to thelongitudinally extending frame members 2% and 21 as shown. In FIG. 3 thehinged side panels 58 are shown in their operative positions. Suchpanels however may be swung outward and downward, to occupy the dottedline positions indicated at 98, when it is desired to strip the castcomponents from the mold. 'In order to do this, of course, the sidepanels must be released from the yoke continuation members 54 by removalof the dowel pins 56 as will be understood.

Considering the two end bulkheads 72 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, these arealso hingedly secured to or mounted on the base structure, by means ofhinge members 100 carried by hinge pins or rods 102 secured in suitablehinge plates 194 attached to the base structure. The end bulkheads 72comprise end plates 106 which are suitably reinforced by angle ironstiffening members 108, Mil and 112, FIGS.

2, 4, and 6. The bulkheads 72 may have formed upper edge portions 114similar to the edge portions 86 of the side panels 58, and also shorterintermediate upper edge portions 116 as seen in FIGS. 1 and 2. Securedto the upper edge portions .114 are fastener lugs 118 which extend ashort distance inward, over the partitions 39' and are releasiblyconnected therewith by removable pins 12%) arranged to be received incooperable openings in the upper channel member 43 of the partitions. Bysuch construction, the bulkheads 72 are held in their upright operablepositions, by means of the partitions 3 9 while at the same time thesaid partitions are accurately positioned, in conjunction with the yokes50. Also, as seen in FIGS. 1 and 5, the bulkheads 72 are releasiblyconnected to the hinged side panels 58 by means of loose pins 122, whichare received in suitable sockets 124 provided on the upper end portionsof the side panels 58. Accordingly, it is seen that an advantageousinterlocking construction is provided, in accordance with the invention,involving the hinged side panels 58, bulkheads 72, partitions 39 andyokes 50, together with the loose key forms 66- and 63 whereby thecomponents of the gang mold are accurately and sturdily located and heldin operative positions, yet are quickly released and separated, the sidepanels and bulkheads 58 and 72 respectively swinging outward anddownward, the yokes 50 being removable, and (depending upon the specificstructure adopted) the partitions 39 being also removable. Additionalkey forms 66 and 68 are carried by the continuations 54, see FIG. 3, theadditional key forms 66 having their rectangular pins 70 extendedthrough the bulkheads 72 in the same manner as that illustrated in FIG.8.

For the purpose of providing keyways in the side walls of the castslabs, keyway forms 128 may be provided, secured to certain of thepartitions 39, as desired. Also, dovetail groove forming members 130 maybe secured to the end portions of the partitions 39, to formdovetailgrooves in the slabs which are cast in the mold cavities. Asseen in FIGS. 1 and 2, lifting eyes 134 may be provided at the upperportions of the partitions 39, to facilitate the handling of these.

For the purpose of providing aligned openings through the cast slabs,from one s'de to the other thereof where this might be desired forconstructional purposes, rectangular tapered keys 138 having handles 140are provided, said keys being located in the mold cavities by passingthem through suitable aligned openings in the side panels 58 and thepartitions 59, all as seen in FIG. 3.

Where it is desired to provide the cast slabs with reinforcing liftingmeans, such means may comprise U-shaped bars 142 disposed vertically inthe mold cavities 35, the yoke portions 144 of said bars extending intoslots 146 of lifting inserts 148, said inserts being located at severalplaces in the grooves 33 of the base plate 29.

In accordance with the present invention, for the purpose of enablingshorter slabs to be cast with the present gang mold equipment,individual shiftable bulkheads 152 are provided, said bulkheads beingreceivable in the mold cavities 35 at any of various desired points orlocations. The shiftable bulkheads may comprise vertical plates 154having at their bottom extremities projecting tapered lugs 156 arrangedto be accommodated in the grooves 33 of the base plate 29. The plates154 may be provided with stiffening channel members 158, as indicated,and have attaching and locating brackets in the form of short pieces ofangle iron 160", secured to their upper extremities. The angle ironpieces 160 have openings 162 to accommodate removable or loose pins, bywhich the shiftable bulkheads may be locked to the upper portions of thepartitions 39.

Clearance cutouts 166 are provided in the plates 154 and stifteningchannels 158, to accommodate the loose key forms 68 which are disposedat and extend along the upper portions of the mold cavities 35.

It will be understood that when a casting operation is to be carriedout, the side panels 58 and the end bulkheads 72 are secured together inthe upright positions illustrated, the yokes 50 are put in place, theloose key forms 66 and 68 are supported on the yokes and locked by theT-section hold-down arms 7-4. Any lifting inserts, etc. are placed inthe mold cavities, and upon everything being in readiness, including thepositioning of the tapered rectangular keys 138, the casting substanceis put into the mold cavities 35 and 37, so as to completely fill thesame. While this is being carried out, the gang mold is vibrated oragitated, to insure the casting substance reaching all of the corners ofthe mold cavities. After the cavities have been completely filled, thesubstance is allowed to set, whereupon the various components aredismantled, and the side panels and end bulkheads 58 and 72 respectivelyswung outward and downward. The cast slabs are then removed from themold.

It Will be understood from the foregoing that there has been provided anovel gang mold construction whereby elongate flat slabs of concrete orsimilar material may be readily cast in multiple lots, on edge and inside-by-side relation. Various keyways, tongues, grooves and openingsmay be provided in the cast slabs, in accordance with the requirementsof the particular job, as is understood. By the use of the shiftablebulkheads 152, slabs of shorter length may also be readily cast. Liftinginserts and the like may be incorporated in the cast slabs, as required.

Upon removal of the cast slabs, the mold parts may be again reassembledand united, and any necessary cleaning may be carried out, prior to theensuing casting operation. The gang mold construction is seen to berelatively simple, yet strong and simple, and to enable a good rate ofproduction of cast slabs such as are usable in forming sectional septictanks and the like, to be had.

Variations and modifications may be made within the scope of the claims,and portions of the improvement may be used without others.

What is claimed is:

1. A. gang mold for simultaneously casting a plurality of elongaterelatively thin slabs on edge and in side-byside relation, comprising afixed base; a plurality of elongate relatively fiat spaced partitionsarranged to be engaged by and to shape the molding substance, saidpartitions engaging and extending upward from the base in side-by-siderelation; a first set of upright molding walls arranged to be engaged byand to confine the molding substance, said walls being located at oneset of opposite edges of the base, being spaced laterally from andextending along the partitions; a second set of upright mold ing Wallsarranged to be engaged by and to confine the molding substance, saidwalls being disposed at the opposite ends of the partitions and atanother set of opposite edges of the base and extending upward from thebase, said second set of walls and the said partitions being ofsubstantially the same height and the said first set of walls being ofappreciably less height, all of said walls and the said partitionstogether with the base constituting a plurality of mold cavities towhich the base is common, the bottoms of said cavities being disposed ina common horizontal plane formed by the base, said cavities beingadapted for receiving the molding substance and casting said slabs, saidfirst set of walls of lesser height enabling slabs of lesser Width to becast; and a plurality of mounting means disposed wholly below the topsof the walls, directly and fixedly connected with and permanentlysecured to the upright walls and to the base, movably mounting all ofthe said upright Walls on the base and enabling the walls to be shiftedoutward fully away from the partitions, thereby to provide completeclearance for the slabs cast within the walls and along the saidpartitions, to enable said slabs to be readily removed, said mountingmeans confining the slab-releasing movement of the walls of each set todirections which are outward from the base and opposite; means includinga manually displaceable member interlocked with the said walls forreleasably locking the walls to each other in upright operativepositions adjoining the partitions and spacer means engaged with theouter partitions intermediate the top and bottom portions thereof andsecured to the upper portions of the walls of lesser height, said spacermeans backing the partitions and maintaining uniform the spacing betweenthe same and the Walls of the lesser height.

2. The invention as defined in claim 1 in which the partitionsconstitute hollow, double-walled enclosures which have closures at thetops, ends and bottoms as well as at the sides and in which the topclosure of the partitions constitute part of the said releasable lockingmeans.

3. The invention as defined in claim 2 in which the partitions comprisespaced structural plates, and in which there are fixed structuralbracing members disposed midway between the tops and bottoms of saidplates and extending longitudinally thereof, said members tending tohold constant the spacing of the plates.

4. The invention as defined in claim 3 in which the partitions havehollow bottom edges, and in which the base has a plurality of fixedupstanding key members occupy- "8 ing the said hollow edges andpositioning the partitions thereby.

5. The invention as defined in claim 1 in which the base has a pluralityofvelongate, spaced and parallel grooves disposed at the said foldcavities and extending between the partitions, to form elongate keys inthe cast slabs, and in which there is a lifting insert disposed in amold cavity comprising a U-shaped l-ift bolt extending upward throughthe cavity and an apertured anchorage piece engaged with and receivingthrough it the yoke portion of the bold, said anchorage piece beingdisposed in one of the base grooves.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS1,326,246 Young Dec. 30, 1919 1,976,628 ORourke Oct. 9, 1934 2,250,020Henderson July 22, 194-1 2,453,223 Henderson Nov. 9, 1948 2,495,100Henderson Jan. 17, 1950 31,232 Lawson Apr. 22, 1958

1. A GANG MOLD FOR SIMULTANEOUSLY CASTING A PLURALITY OF ELONGATERELATIVELY THIN SLABS ON EDGE AND IN SIDE-BYSIDE RELATION, COMPRISING AFIXED BASE; A PLURALITY OF ELONGATE RELATIVELY FLAT SPACED PARTITIONSARRANGED TO BE ENGAGED BY AND TO SHAPE THE MOLDING SUBSTANCE, SAIDPARTITIONS ENGAGING AND EXTENDING UPWARD FROM THE BASE IN SIDE-BY-SIDERELATION; A FIRST SET OF UPRIGHT MOLDING WALLS ARRANGED TO BE ENGAGED BYAND TO CONFINE THE MOLDING SUBSTANCE, SAID WALLS BEING LOCATED AT ONESET OF OPPOSITE EDGES OF THE BASE, BEING SPACED LATERALLY FROM ANDEXTENDING ALONG THE PARTITIONS, A SECOND SET OF UPRIGHT MOLDING WALLSARRANGED TO BE ENGAGED BY AND TO CONFINE THE MOLDING SUBSTANCE, SAIDWALLS BEING DISPOSED AT THE OPPOSITE ENDS OF THE PARTITIONS AND ATANOTHER SET OF OPPOSITE EDGES OF THE BASE AND EXTENDING UPWARD FROM THEBASE, SAID SECOND SET OF WALLS AND THE SAID PARTITIONS BEING OFSUBSTANTIALLY THE SAME HEIGHT AND THE SAID FIRST SET OF WALLS BEING OFAPPRECIABLY LESS HEIGHT, ALL OF SAID WALLS AND THE SAID PARTITIONSTOGETHER WITH THE BASE CONSTITUTING A PLURALITY OF MOLD CAVITIES WHICHTHE BASE IS COMMON THE BOTTOMS OF SAID CAVITIES BEING DISPOSED IN ACOMMON, HORIZONTAL PLANE FORMED BY THE BASE, SAID CAVITIES BEING ADAPTEDFOR RECEIVING THE MOLDING SUBSTANCE AND CASTING SAID SLABS, SAID FIRSTSET OF WALLS OF LESSER HEIGHT ENABLING SLABS OF LESSER WIDTH TO BE CAST;AND A PLURALITY OF MOUNTING MEANS DISPOSED WHOLLY BELOW THE TOPS OF THEWALLS, DIRECTLY AND FIXEDLY CONNECTED WITH AND PERMANENTLY SECURED TOTHE UPRIGHT WALLS AND TO THE BASE, MOVABLY MOUNTING ALL OF THE SAIDUPRIGHT WALLS ON THE BASE AND ENABLING THE WALLS TO BE SHIFTED OUTWARDFULLY AWAY FROM THE PARTITIONS, THEREBY TO PROVIDE COMPLETE CLEARANCEFOR THE SLABS CAST WITHIN THE WALLS AND ALONG THE SAID PARTITIONS, TOENABLE SAID SLABS TO BE READILY REMOVED, SAID MOUNTING MEANS CONFININGTHE SLAB-RELEASING MOVEMENT OF THE WALLS OF EACH SET TO DIRECTIONS WHICHARE OUTWARD FROM THE BASE AND OPPOSITE; MEANS INCLUDING A MANUALLYDISPLACEABLE MEMBER INTERLOCKED WITH THE SAID WALLS FOR RELEASABLYLOCKING THE WALLS TO EACH OTHER IN UPRIGHT OPERATIVE POSITIONS ADJOININGTHE PARTITIONS AND SPACER MEANS ENGAGED WITH THE OUTER PARTITIONSINTERMEDIATE THE TOP AND BOTTOM PORTIONS THEREOF AND SECURED TO THEUPPER PORTIONS OF THE WALLS OF LESSER HEIGHT, SAID SPACER MEANS BACKINGTHE PARTITIONS AND MAINTAINING UNIFORM THE SAPACING BETWEEN THE SAME ANDTHE WALLS OF THE LESSER HEIGHT.